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Network Traffic Analysis (NTA)

Last modified: 2023-01-29

Packet Analysis

wireshark example.pcap

# Tcpdump
sudo tcpdump -i eth0 icmp
# output pcap file
sudo tcpdump -i eth0 icmp -w /tmp/tcpdump.pcap

Brim

Brim is an application to search and analyze super-structured data.

brim sample.pcap

  • Filters

    _path=="http" "example.com" id.resp_p==80 | cut ts, host, id.resp_p, uri | sort ts

# Find UserAgent in HTTP requests
user_agent | cut _path,id.orig_h,id.resp_h,method,host,user_agent

Snort

Snort is a network intrusion detection system (NIDS) and intrusion prevention system (NIPS).

# Validate the configuration
# -c: Identify the config file
# -T: Test the configuration
sudo snort -c /etc/snort/snort.conf -T

# Sniffer mode
# -d: Dump packet data
# -e: Link-layer header grabbing
# -v: Verbose mode
sudo snort -dev
# -X: Full packet dump mode
sudo snort -X

# Logger mode
# -l: Logger mode
sudo snort -dev -l .
# -K ASCII: ASCII mode 
sudo snort -dev -K ASCII -l .

# IDS/IPS mode
# -A full: full alert mode
sudo snort -c /etc/snort/snort.conf -A full
# Using local rules
sudo snort -c /etc/snort/rules/local.rules -A full
# -q: Quiet mode
# --daq: Data aquisition
# -i: Listen on interface <if>
sudo snort -c local.rules -q --daq afpacket -i eth0:eth1 -A full
# Wait until packets receiving, the file will be dumped.

# Read generated logs
sudo snort -r snort.log.xxxxxxxx
# Filters
sudo snort -r snort.log.xxxxxxxx -X
sudo snort -r snort.log.xxxxxxxx tcp
sudo snort -r snort.log.xxxxxxxx 'udp and port 53'

# Investigate pcap file
# -n: The first N packets
sudo snort -c /etc/snort/snort.conf -q -r example.pcap -A full -n 10
# --pcap-list: Multiple pcap files
sudo snort -c /etc/snort/snort.conf -q --pcap-list="example.pcap example2.pcap" -A full -n 10

  • Modify rules

    We can edit /etc/snort/rules/local.rules or our custom local.rules in another directory.

    sudo vim /etc/snort/rules/local.rules

    Below is the example rules.

    # ICMP
alert icmp any any <> any any (msg:"ICMP Packet Found"; sid:1000001; rev:1;)

# Drop
drop tcp any any -> any any (sid:1000005;)

Detect a Type of Malware

  1. Extract files from PCAP.

    1. Open target pcap file on Wireshark.
    2. Select "File" -> "Export Options" -> "HTTP..."
    3. Save the target file.

  2. Get the MD5 hash.

    md5sum suspicious.exe

  3. Search on VirusTotal using the MD5 hash.